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7 Network Working Group T. Showalter
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8 Request for Comments: 2971 Mirapoint, Inc.
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9 Category: Standards Track October 2000
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10
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11
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12 IMAP4 ID extension
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13
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14 Status of this Memo
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15
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16 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
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17 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
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18 improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
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19 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
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20 and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
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21
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22 Copyright Notice
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23
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24 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
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25
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26 Abstract
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27
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28 The ID extension to the Internet Message Access Protocol - Version
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29 4rev1 (IMAP4rev1) protocol allows the server and client to exchange
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30 identification information on their implementation in order to make
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31 bug reports and usage statistics more complete.
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32
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33 1. Introduction
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34
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35 The IMAP4rev1 protocol described in [IMAP4rev1] provides a method for
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36 accessing remote mail stores, but it provides no facility to
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37 advertise what program a client or server uses to provide service.
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38 This makes it difficult for implementors to get complete bug reports
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39 from users, as it is frequently difficult to know what client or
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40 server is in use.
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41
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42 Additionally, some sites may wish to assemble usage statistics based
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43 on what clients are used, but in an an environment where users are
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44 permitted to obtain and maintain their own clients this is difficult
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45 to accomplish.
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46
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47 The ID command provides a facility to advertise information on what
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48 programs are being used along with contact information (should bugs
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49 ever occur).
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50
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51
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52
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53
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54
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55
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56
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57
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58 Showalter Standards Track [Page 1]
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59
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60 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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61
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62
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63 2. Conventions Used in this Document
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64
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65 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
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66 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
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67 document are to be interpreted as described in [KEYWORDS].
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68
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69 The conventions used in this document are the same as specified in
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70 [IMAP4rev1]. In examples, "C:" and "S:" indicate lines sent by the
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71 client and server respectively. Line breaks have been inserted for
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72 readability.
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73
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74 3. Specification
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75
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76 The sole purpose of the ID extension is to enable clients and servers
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77 to exchange information on their implementations for the purposes of
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78 statistical analysis and problem determination.
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79
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80 This information is be submitted to a server by any client wishing to
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81 provide information for statistical purposes, provided the server
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82 advertises its willingness to take the information with the atom "ID"
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83 included in the list of capabilities returned by the CAPABILITY
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84 command.
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85
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86 Implementations MUST NOT make operational changes based on the data
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87 sent as part of the ID command or response. The ID command is for
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88 human consumption only, and is not to be used in improving the
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89 performance of clients or servers.
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90
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91 This includes, but is not limited to, the following:
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92
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93 Servers MUST NOT attempt to work around client bugs by using
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94 information from the ID command. Clients MUST NOT attempt to work
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95 around server bugs based on the ID response.
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96
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97 Servers MUST NOT provide features to a client or otherwise
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98 optimize for a particular client by using information from the ID
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99 command. Clients MUST NOT provide features to a server or
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100 otherwise optimize for a particular server based on the ID
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101 response.
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102
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103 Servers MUST NOT deny access to or refuse service for a client
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104 based on information from the ID command. Clients MUST NOT refuse
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105 to operate or limit their operation with a server based on the ID
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106 response.
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107
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108
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109
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110
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111
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112
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113
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114 Showalter Standards Track [Page 2]
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115
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116 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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117
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118
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119 Rationale: It is imperative that this extension not supplant IMAP's
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120 CAPABILITY mechanism with a ad-hoc approach where implementations
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121 guess each other's features based on who they claim to be.
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122
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123 Implementations MUST NOT send false information in an ID command.
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124
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125 Implementations MAY send less information than they have available or
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126 no information at all. Such behavior may be useful to preserve user
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127 privacy. See Security Considerations, section 7.
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128
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129 3.1. ID Command
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130
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131 Arguments: client parameter list or NIL
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132
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133 Responses: OPTIONAL untagged response: ID
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134
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135 Result: OK identification information accepted
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136 BAD command unknown or arguments invalid
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137
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138 Implementation identification information is sent by the client with
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139 the ID command.
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140
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141 This command is valid in any state.
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142
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143 The information sent is in the form of a list of field/value pairs.
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144 Fields are permitted to be any IMAP4 string, and values are permitted
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145 to be any IMAP4 string or NIL. A value of NIL indicates that the
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146 client can not or will not specify this information. The client may
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147 also send NIL instead of the list, indicating that it wants to send
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148 no information, but would still accept a server response.
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149
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150 The available fields are defined in section 3.3.
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151
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152 Example: C: a023 ID ("name" "sodr" "version" "19.34" "vendor"
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153 "Pink Floyd Music Limited")
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154 S: * ID NIL
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155 S: a023 OK ID completed
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156
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157 3.2. ID Response
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158
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159 Contents: server parameter list
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160
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161 In response to an ID command issued by the client, the server replies
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162 with a tagged response containing information on its implementation.
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163 The format is the same as the client list.
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164
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165
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166
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167
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168
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169
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170 Showalter Standards Track [Page 3]
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171
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172 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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173
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174
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175 Example: C: a042 ID NIL
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176 S: * ID ("name" "Cyrus" "version" "1.5" "os" "sunos"
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177 "os-version" "5.5" "support-url"
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178 "mailto:cyrus-bugs+@andrew.cmu.edu")
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179 S: a042 OK ID command completed
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180
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181 A server MUST send a tagged ID response to an ID command. However, a
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182 server MAY send NIL in place of the list.
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183
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184 3.3. Defined Field Values
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185
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186 Any string may be sent as a field, but the following are defined to
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187 describe certain values that might be sent. Implementations are free
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188 to send none, any, or all of these. Strings are not case-sensitive.
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189 Field strings MUST NOT be longer than 30 octets. Value strings MUST
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190 NOT be longer than 1024 octets. Implementations MUST NOT send more
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191 than 30 field-value pairs.
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192
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193 name Name of the program
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194 version Version number of the program
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195 os Name of the operating system
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196 os-version Version of the operating system
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197 vendor Vendor of the client/server
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198 support-url URL to contact for support
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199 address Postal address of contact/vendor
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200 date Date program was released, specified as a date-time
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201 in IMAP4rev1
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202 command Command used to start the program
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203 arguments Arguments supplied on the command line, if any
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204 if any
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205 environment Description of environment, i.e., UNIX environment
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206 variables or Windows registry settings
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207
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208 Implementations MUST NOT use contact information to submit automatic
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209 bug reports. Implementations may include information from an ID
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210 response in a report automatically prepared, but are prohibited from
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211 sending the report without user authorization.
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212
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213 It is preferable to find the name and version of the underlying
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214 operating system at runtime in cases where this is possible.
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215
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216 Information sent via an ID response may violate user privacy. See
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217 Security Considerations, section 7.
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218
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219 Implementations MUST NOT send the same field name more than once.
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220
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221
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222
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223
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224
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225
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226 Showalter Standards Track [Page 4]
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227
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228 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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229
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230
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231 4. Formal Syntax
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232
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233 This syntax is intended to augment the grammar specified in
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234 [IMAP4rev1] in order to provide for the ID command. This
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235 specification uses the augmented Backus-Naur Form (BNF) notation as
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236 used in [IMAP4rev1].
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237
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238 command_any ::= "CAPABILITY" / "LOGOUT" / "NOOP" / x_command / id
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239 ;; adds id command to command_any in [IMAP4rev1]
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240
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241 id ::= "ID" SPACE id_params_list
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242
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243 id_response ::= "ID" SPACE id_params_list
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244
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245 id_params_list ::= "(" #(string SPACE nstring) ")" / nil
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246 ;; list of field value pairs
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247
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248 response_data ::= "*" SPACE (resp_cond_state / resp_cond_bye /
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249 mailbox_data / message_data / capability_data / id_response)
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250
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251 5. Use of the ID extension with Firewalls and Other Intermediaries
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252
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253 There exist proxies, firewalls, and other intermediary systems that
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254 can intercept an IMAP session and make changes to the data exchanged
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255 in the session. Such intermediaries are not anticipated by the IMAP4
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256 protocol design and are not within the scope of the IMAP4 standard.
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257 However, in order for the ID command to be useful in the presence of
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258 such intermediaries, those intermediaries need to take special note
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259 of the ID command and response. In particular, if an intermediary
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260 changes any part of the IMAP session it must also change the ID
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261 command to advertise its presence.
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262
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263 A firewall MAY act to block transmission of specific information
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264 fields in the ID command and response that it believes reveal
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265 information that could expose a security vulnerability. However, a
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266 firewall SHOULD NOT disable the extension, when present, entirely,
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267 and SHOULD NOT unconditionally remove either the client or server
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268 list.
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269
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270 Finally, it should be noted that a firewall, when handling a
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271 CAPABILITY response, MUST NOT allow the names of extensions to be
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272 returned to the client that the firewall has no knowledge of.
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273
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274
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275
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276
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277
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278
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279
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280
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281
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282 Showalter Standards Track [Page 5]
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283
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284 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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285
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286
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287 6. References
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288
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289 [KEYWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
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290 Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, March 1997.
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291
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292 [IMAP4rev1] Crispin, M., "Internet Message Access Protocol - Version
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293 4rev1", RFC 2060, October 1996.
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294
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295 [RFC-822] Crocker, D., "Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet
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296 Text Messages", STD 11, RFC 822, August 1982.
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297
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298 7. Security Considerations
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299
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300 This extension has the danger of violating the privacy of users if
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301 misused. Clients and servers should notify users that they implement
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302 and enable the ID command.
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303
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304 It is highly desirable that implementations provide a method of
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305 disabling ID support, perhaps by not sending ID at all, or by sending
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306 NIL as the argument to the ID command or response.
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307
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308 Implementors must exercise extreme care in adding fields sent as part
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309 of an ID command or response. Some fields, including a processor ID
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310 number, Ethernet address, or other unique (or mostly unique)
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311 identifier allow tracking of users in ways that violate user privacy
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312 expectations.
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313
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314 Having implementation information of a given client or server may
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315 make it easier for an attacker to gain unauthorized access due to
|
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316 security holes.
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317
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318 Since this command includes arbitrary data and does not require the
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319 user to authenticate, server implementations are cautioned to guard
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320 against an attacker sending arbitrary garbage data in order to fill
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321 up the ID log. In particular, if a server naively logs each ID
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322 command to disk without inspecting it, an attacker can simply fire up
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323 thousands of connections and send a few kilobytes of random data.
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324 Servers have to guard against this. Methods include truncating
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325 abnormally large responses; collating responses by storing only a
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326 single copy, then keeping a counter of the number of times that
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327 response has been seen; keeping only particularly interesting parts
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328 of responses; and only logging responses of users who actually log
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329 in.
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330
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331 Security is affected by firewalls which modify the IMAP protocol
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332 stream; see section 5, Use of the ID Extension with Firewalls and
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333 Other Intermediaries, for more information.
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334
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335
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336
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337
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338 Showalter Standards Track [Page 6]
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339
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340 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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341
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342
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343 8. Author's Address
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344
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345 Tim Showalter
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346 Mirapoint, Inc.
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347 909 Hermosa Ct.
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348 Sunnyvale, CA 94095
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349
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350 EMail: tjs@mirapoint.com
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351
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352
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357
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358
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391
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392
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393
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394 Showalter Standards Track [Page 7]
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395
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396 RFC 2971 IMAP4 ID extension October 2000
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397
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398
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399 9. Full Copyright Statement
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400
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401 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
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402
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403 This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
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404 others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
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405 or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
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406 and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
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407 kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
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408 included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
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409 document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
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410 the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
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411 Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
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412 developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
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413 copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
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414 followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
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415 English.
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416
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417 The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
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418 revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
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419
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420 This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
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421 "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
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422 TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
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423 BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
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424 HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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425 MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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426
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427 Acknowledgement
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428
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429 Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
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430 Internet Society.
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431
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432
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433
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434
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435
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436
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437
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439
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440
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441
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442
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443
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444
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445
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446
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447
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448
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449
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450 Showalter Standards Track [Page 8]
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451
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