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7 Network Working Group A. Melnikov
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8 Request for Comments: 3503 ACI Worldwide/MessagingDirect
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9 Category: Standards Track March 2003
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10
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11
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12 Message Disposition Notification (MDN) profile for
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13 Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
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14
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15 Status of this Memo
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16
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17 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
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18 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
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19 improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
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20 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
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21 and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
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22
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23 Copyright Notice
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24
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25 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
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26
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27 Abstract
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28
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29 The Message Disposition Notification (MDN) facility defined in RFC
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30 2298 provides a means by which a message can request that message
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31 processing by the recipient be acknowledged as well as a format to be
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32 used for such acknowledgements. However, it doesn't describe how
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33 multiple Mail User Agents (MUAs) should handle the generation of MDNs
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34 in an Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP4) environment.
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35
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36 This document describes how to handle MDNs in such an environment and
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37 provides guidelines for implementers of IMAP4 that want to add MDN
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38 support to their products.
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39
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55
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56
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57
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58 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 1]
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59
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60 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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61
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62
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63 Table of Contents
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64
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65 1. Conventions Used in this Document............................. 2
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66 2. Introduction and Overview..................................... 2
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67 3. Client behavior............................................... 3
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68 3.1. Client behavior when receiving a message................. 5
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69 3.2. Client behavior when copying a message................... 5
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70 3.3. Client behavior when sending a message................... 5
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71 3.4. Client behavior when saving a temporary message.......... 5
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72 4. Server behavior............................................... 5
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73 4.1. Server that supports arbitrary keywords.................. 5
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74 4.2. Server that supports only $MDNSent keyword............... 5
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75 4.3. Interaction with IMAP ACL extension...................... 6
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76 5. Examples...................................................... 6
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77 6. Security Considerations....................................... 7
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78 7. Formal Syntax................................................. 7
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79 8. Acknowledgments............................................... 7
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80 9. Normative References.......................................... 8
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81 10. Author's Address.............................................. 8
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82 11. Full Copyright Statement...................................... 9
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83
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84 1. Conventions Used in this Document
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85
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86 "C:" and "S:" in examples show lines sent by the client and server
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87 respectively.
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88
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89 The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", and "MAY" in
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90 this document when typed in uppercase are to be interpreted as
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91 defined in "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels"
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92 [KEYWORDS].
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93
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94 2. Introduction and Overview
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95
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96 This memo defines an additional [IMAP4] mailbox keyword that allows
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97 multiple Mail User Agents (MUAs) to know if a requested receipt
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98 notification was sent.
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99
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100 Message Disposition Notification [MDN] does not require any special
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101 support of IMAP in the case where a user has access to the mailstore
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102 from only one computer and is using a single MUA. In this case, the
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103 MUA behaves as described in [MDN], i.e., the MUA performs automatic
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104 processing and generates corresponding MDNs, it performs requested
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105 action and, with the user's permission, sends appropriate MDNs. The
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106 MUA will not send MDN twice because the MUA keeps track of sent
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107 notifications in a local configuration. However, that does not work
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108 when IMAP is used to access the same mailstore from different
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109 locations or is using different MUAs.
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110
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111
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112
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113
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114 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 2]
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115
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116 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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117
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118
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119 This document defines a new special purpose mailbox keyword $MDNSent
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120 that must be used by MUAs. It does not define any new command or
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121 response for IMAP, but describes a technique that MUAs should use to
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122 achieve interoperability.
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123
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124 When a client opens a mailbox for the first time, it verifies that
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125 the server is capable of storing the $MDNSent keyword by examining
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126 the PERMANENTFLAGS response code. In order to support MDN in IMAP, a
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127 server MUST support either the $MDNSent keyword, or arbitrary message
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128 keywords.
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129
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130 3. Client behavior
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131
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132 The use of IMAP requires few additional steps in mail processing on
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133 the client side. The following timeline modifies the timeline found
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134 in Section 4 of [MDN].
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135
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136 -- User composes message.
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137
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138 -- User tells MUA to send message.
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139
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140 -- MUA passes message to MSA (original recipient information passed
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141 along). MUA [optionally] saves message to a folder for sent mail
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142 with $MDNSent flag set.
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143
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144 -- MSA sends message to MTA.
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145
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146 -- Final MTA receives message.
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147
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148 -- Final MTA delivers message to MUA (possibly generating DSN).
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149
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150 -- MUA logs into IMAP server, opens mailbox, verifies if mailbox can
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151 store $MDNSent keyword by examining PERMANENTFLAGS response.
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152
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153 -- MUA performs automatic processing and generates corresponding MDNs
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154 ("dispatched", "processed", "deleted", "denied" or "failed"
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155 disposition type with "automatic-action" and "MDN-sent-
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156 automatically" disposition modes) for messages that do not have
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157 $MDNSent keyword, or \Draft flag set. (*)
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158
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159 -- MUA sets the $MDNSent keyword for every message that required an
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160 automatic MDN to be sent, whether or not the MDN was sent.
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161
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162 -- MUA displays a list of messages to user.
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163
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164 -- User selects a message and requests that some action be performed
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165 on it.
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166
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167
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168
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169
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170 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 3]
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171
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172 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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173
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174
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175 -- MUA performs requested action and, with user's permission, sends
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176 appropriate MDN ("displayed", "dispatched", "processed",
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177 "deleted", "denied" or "failed" disposition type with "manual-
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178 action" and "MDN-sent-manually" or "MDN-sent-automatically"
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179 disposition mode). If the generated MDN is saved to a mailbox
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180 with the APPEND command, the client MUST specify the $MDNSent
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181 keyword in the APPEND.
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182
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183 -- MUA sets the $MDNSent keyword for all messages for which the user
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184 confirmed the dispatching of disposition (or was explicitly
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185 prohibited to do so).
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186
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187 -- User possibly performs other actions on message, but no further
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188 MDNs are generated.
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189
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190 (*) Note: MUA MUST NOT use \Recent flag as an indicator that it
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191 should send MDN, because according to [IMAP4], "If multiple
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192 connections have the same mailbox selected simultaneously, it is
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193 undefined which of these connections will see newly-arrived
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194 messages with \Recent set and which will see it without \Recent
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195 set". Thus, using \Recent as an indicator will cause
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196 unpredictable client behavior with different IMAP4 servers.
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197 However, the client MAY use \Seen flag as one of the indicators
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198 that MDN must not be sent. The client MUST NOT use any other
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199 standard flags, like \Draft or \Answered, to indicate that MDN
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200 was previously sent, because they have different well known
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201 meaning. In any case, in the presence of the $MDNSent keyword,
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202 the client MUST ignore all other flags or keywords for the
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203 purpose of generating an MDN and MUST NOT send the MDN.
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204
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205 When the client opens a mailbox for the first time, it must verify
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206 that the server supports the $MDNSent keyword, or arbitrary message
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207 keywords by examining PERMANENTFLAGS response code.
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208
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209 The client MUST NOT try to set the $MDNSent keyword if the server is
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210 incapable of storing it permanently.
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211
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212 The client MUST be prepared to receive NO from the server as the
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213 result of STORE $MDNSent when the server advertises the support of
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214 storing arbitrary keywords, because the server may limit the number
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215 of message keywords it can store in a particular mailbox. A client
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216 SHOULD NOT send MDN if it fails to store the $MDNSent keyword.
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217
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218 Once the $MDNSent keyword is set, it MUST NOT be unset by a client.
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219 The client MAY set the $MDNSent keyword when a user denies sending
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220 the notification. This prohibits all other MUAs from sending MDN for
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221 this message.
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222
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223
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224
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225
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226 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 4]
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227
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228 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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229
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230
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231 3.1. Client behavior when receiving a message
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232
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233 The client MUST NOT send MDN if a message has the $MDNSent keyword
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234 set. It also MUST NOT send MDN if a message has \Draft flag, because
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235 some clients use this flag to mark a message as incomplete.
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236
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237 See the timeline in section 3 for details on client behavior when
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238 receiving a message.
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239
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240 3.2. Client behavior when copying a message
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241
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242 The client SHOULD verify that $MDNSent is preserved on a COPY
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243 operation. Furthermore, when a message is copied between servers
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244 with the APPEND command, the client MUST set the $MDNSent keyword
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245 correctly.
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246
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247 3.3. Client behavior when sending a message
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248
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249 When saving a sent message to any folder, the client MUST set the
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250 $MDNSent keyword to prevent another client from sending MDN for the
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251 message.
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252
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253 3.4. Client behavior when saving a temporary message
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254
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255 When saving an unfinished message to any folder client MUST set
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256 $MDNSent keyword to prevent another client from sending MDN for the
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257 message.
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258
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259 4. Server behavior
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260
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261 Server implementors that want to follow this specification must
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262 insure that their server complies with either section 4.1 or section
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263 4.2. If the server also supports the IMAP [ACL] extension, it MUST
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264 also comply with the section 4.3.
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265
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266 4.1. Server that supports arbitrary keywords
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267
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268 No changes are required from the server to make it compatible with
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269 the extension described in this document if it supports arbitrary
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270 keywords.
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271
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272 4.2. Server that supports only $MDNSent keyword
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273
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274 Servers that support only the $MDNSent keyword MUST preserve it on
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275 the COPY operation. It is also expected that a server that supports
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276 SEARCH <flag> will also support the SEARCH KEYWORD $MDNSent.
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277
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278
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279
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280
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281
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282 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 5]
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283
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284 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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285
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286
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287 4.3. Interaction with IMAP ACL extension
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288
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289 Any server that conforms to either 4.1 or 4.2 and also supports the
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290 IMAP [ACL] extension, SHOULD preserve the $MDNSent keyword on COPY
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291 even if the client does not have 'w' right. This will prevent the
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292 generation of a duplicated MDN for the same message. Note that the
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293 server MUST still check if the client has rights to perform the COPY
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294 operation on a message according to [ACL].
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295
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296 5. Examples
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297
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298 1) MUA opens mailbox for the first time.
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299
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300 a) The server supports storing of arbitrary keywords
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301
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302 C: a100 select INBOX
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303 S: * FLAGS (\Flagged \Draft \Deleted \Seen)
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304 S: * OK [PERMANENTFLAGS (\Flagged \Draft \Deleted \Seen \*)]
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305 S: * 5 EXISTS
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306 S: * 3 RECENT
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307 S: * OK [UIDVALIDITY 894294713]
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308 S: a100 OK [READ-WRITE] Completed
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309
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310 b) The server supports storing of the $MDNSent keyword
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311
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312 C: a100 select INBOX
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313 S: * FLAGS (\Flagged \Draft \Deleted \Seen $MDNSent)
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314 S: * OK [PERMANENTFLAGS (\Flagged \Draft \Deleted \Seen $MDNSent)]
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315 S: * 5 EXISTS
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316 S: * 3 RECENT
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317 S: * OK [UIDVALIDITY 894294713]
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318 S: a100 OK [READ-WRITE] Completed
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319
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320 2) The MUA successfully sets the $MDNSent keyword
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321
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322 C: a200 STORE 4 +FLAGS ($MDNSent)
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323 S: * 4 FETCH (FLAGS (\Flagged \Seen $MDNSent))
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324 S: * FLAGS ($MDNSent \Flagged \Deleted \Draft \Seen)
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325 S: * OK [PERMANENTFLAGS ($MDNSent \Flagged \Deleted \Draft \Seen \*)]
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326 S: a200 OK STORE completed
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327
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328 3) The server refuses to store the $MDNSent keyword
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329
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330 C: a200 STORE 4 +FLAGS ($MDNSent)
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331 S: a200 NO STORE failed : no space left to store $MDNSent keyword
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332
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333
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334
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335
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336
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337
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338 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 6]
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339
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340 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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341
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342
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343 4) All clients and servers MUST treat the $MDNSent keyword as case
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344 insensitive in all operations, as stated in [IMAP].
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345
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346 C: a300 FETCH 1:* FLAGS
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347 S: * 1 FETCH (FLAGS (\Seen))
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348 S: * 2 FETCH (FLAGS (\Answered \Seen $MdnSENt))
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349 S: * 3 FETCH (FLAGS ())
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350 S: * 4 FETCH (FLAGS (\Flagged \Seen $MdnSENT))
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351 S: * 5 FETCH (FLAGS ($MDNSent))
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352 S: * 6 FETCH (FLAGS (\Recent))
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353 S: a300 OK FETCH completed
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354 C: a400 SEARCH KEYWORDS $mdnsent
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355 S: * SEARCH 2 4 5
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356 S: a400 OK SEARCH completed
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357
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358 6. Security Considerations
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359
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360 There are no known security issues with this extension, not found in
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361 [MDN] and/or [IMAP4].
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362
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363 Section 4.3 changes ACL checking requirements on an IMAP server that
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364 implements IMAP [ACL] extension.
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365
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366 7. Formal Syntax
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367
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368 The following syntax specification uses the augmented Backus-Naur
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369 Form (BNF) notation as specified in [RFC-822], as modified by
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370 [IMAP4]. Non-terminals referenced, but not defined below, are as
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371 defined by [IMAP4].
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372
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373 Except as noted otherwise, all alphabetic characters are case-
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374 insensitive. The use of upper or lower case characters to define
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375 token strings is for editorial clarity only. Implementations MUST
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376 accept these strings in a case-insensitive fashion.
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377
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378 flag_keyword ::= "$MDNSent" / other_keywords
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379
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380 other_keywords ::= atom
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381
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382 8. Acknowledgments
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383
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384 This document is the product of discussions that took place on the
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385 IMAP mailing list. Special gratitude to Cyrus Daboo and Randall
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386 Gellens for reviewing the document.
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387
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388 Thank you to my father who as he has helped to make me what I am. I
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389 miss you terribly.
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390
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391
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392
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393
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394 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 7]
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395
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396 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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397
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398
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399 9. Normative References
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400
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401 [KEYWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
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402 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
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403
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404 [MDN] Fajman, R., "An Extensible Message Format for Message
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405 Disposition Notifications", RFC 2298, March 1998.
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406
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407 [IMAP4] Crispin, M., "Internet Message Access Protocol - Version
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408 4rev1", RFC 3501, March 2003.
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409
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410 [ACL] Myers, J., "IMAP4 ACL extension", RFC 2086, January 1997.
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411
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412 10. Author's Address
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413
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414 Alexey Melnikov
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415 ACI Worldwide/MessagingDirect
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416 59 Clarendon Road
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417 Watford, Hertfordshire
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418 United Kingdom, WD17 1FQ
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419
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420 Phone: +44 1923 81 2877
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421 EMail: mel@messagingdirect.com
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422
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423
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424
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425
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426
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427
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428
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429
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430
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431
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432
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433
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434
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435
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436
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437
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438
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439
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440
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441
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442
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443
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444
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445
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446
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447
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448
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449
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450 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 8]
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451
|
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452 RFC 3503 MDN profile for IMAP March 2003
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453
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454
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455 11. Full Copyright Statement
|
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456
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457 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.
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458
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459 This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
|
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460 others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
|
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461 or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
|
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462 and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
|
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463 kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
|
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464 included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
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465 document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
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466 the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
|
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467 Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
|
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468 developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
|
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469 copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
|
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470 followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
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471 English.
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472
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473 The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
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474 revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
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475
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476 This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
|
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477 "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
|
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478 TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
|
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479 BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
|
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480 HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
|
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481 MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
|
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482
|
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483 Acknowledgement
|
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484
|
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485 Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
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486 Internet Society.
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487
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488
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489
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490
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491
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492
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494
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495
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497
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498
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500
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501
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502
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503
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504
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505
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506 Melnikov Standards Track [Page 9]
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507
|